chemistry

Why Hydrogen fluoride(HF) is a weaker acid than HCl?

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Why Hydrogen fluoride(HF) is a weaker acid than HCl?

The acidic strength of hydrogen halide depends on the following factors:

1.Degree of dissociation ( How easily it will donate H+ ions)


Note:Acid is a substance that will donate H+ ions

More degree of dissociation = more acidic
Less degree of dissociation = less acidic


2. Type of bonding

Although all hydrogen halide having covalent bond but Hf have special type of bonding .i.e. Hydrogen bonding.


Due to H-bonding,HF is least acidic than HCl,HBr & HI.The hydrogen atom in HF is entrapped between two fluorine atoms & not easily available as proton(H+).

Increasing acidic order: HF ＜ HCl ＜ HBr ＜ HI


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