Basic Atomic Structure – Best Animated Blog (Digital Kemistry )

What is an atom?

Atom is the smallest particle of the matter.

According to the Dalton, atom (Greek word “atomos” means indivisible).

The smallest part of an element that can enter into a chemical combination and can’t exist in free state.

It is the building block of matter.

https://youtu.be/G6ZbMP9_kLM

Atom Sub-atomic Particles:

More than hundred sub-atomic particles like electrons, protons, positrons, antiprotons, mesons, quarks, neutrino and antineutrino etc have been discovered in an atom.

https://youtu.be/G6ZbMP9_kLM

However, electrons, protons and neutrons are the fundamental sub-atomic particles of atoms as they are all present in all types of atoms except the one that is protium (1H1).

Protium (1H1) contain s one electron , one proton and no neutron.

Electrons revolves around the nucleus of an atom.

Protons and Neutrons are present inside the nucleus of an atom.

Charge on Sub-atomic Particles:

Electrons

Protons

Neutrons

Watch Now !!!

Structure of an atom| Carbon & Oxygen atom | Atomic Number and Mass Number | Ion- Cation vs Anion

If you want to know about shells ,subshells and orbitals,so just Click the below post link:

Difference Between Shells , subshells and Orbitals

ORBIT / SHELL:

An orbit is a well-defined circular path in which electron revolves around the nucleus of an atom.

An orbit is also called as Energy level/ shell.

Orbit / shell are as follow:

K shell (max 2 electrons)

L shell (max 8 electrons)

M shell (max 18 electrons)

N shell (max 32 electrons)

And so on…..

MAXIMUM NUMBER OF ELECTRON CALCULATION:

FORMULA:

MAX. NO OF ELECTRON IN A SHELL= 2n 2

SUB ORBITS

A sub-orbit is a sub division of electron shells(orbit) separated by electron orbitals.

Sub orbit also known as sub shells or sub energy level.

Sub shells are denoted by:

(s)sharp     (p) principle     (d)  diffuse    (f)  fundamental

 ORBITALS:

It is a three dimensional probability space around the nucleus of an atom where the possibility of finding the electron cloud is maximum (95%).

TYPES OF ORBITALS:

s orbital                

  p orbital    ( px  ,py  ,  pz   )

d orbital   (dxy, dyz, dzx, dz2 , dx2-y2 )

f orbital (7 in number with complex structure)

Also Watch !!!

Difference between Shell , Sub-shell and Orbitals ( in Urdu / Hindi )

Isotopes: Definition, Types and Examples Animation

What is an isotope?

An isotope is simply define as a variation of the same element with a different number of neutrons in their nucleus.

Click the below post Link:

What is an isotope- Definition,Types and Examples

Do you Know!!!

Octet Rule and Duplet Rule:

Octet Rule:

The tendency of an atom to acquire 8 electrons in outermost shell in order to attain the noble gas configuration and becomes stable.

Duplet Rule:

The tendency of an atom to acquire 2 electrons in outermost shell .

Atoms with low atomic number such as hydrogen and helium followed the duplet rule

What is the difference between Octet Rule and Duplet Rule


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