What is a buffer solution and give example?

A buffer solution or a buffer is a mixture of a weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid.
When a tiny amount of a strong acid or strong base is given to a buffer solution, the pH remains stable.

A solution of acetic acid and sodium acetate, CH3COOH + CH3COONa, is an example of a weak acid and its salt buffer.

A solution of ammonia and ammonium chloride (NH3aq + NH4Claq) is one example of a buffer composed of a weak base and its salt.

what is a buffer solution made up of?

The mixing of a weak acid and the conjugate base of the weak acid, or a weak base and the conjugate acid of the weak base, constitutes the Buffer Solution, which is a water-soluble solution. They are resistant to pH changes upon dilution or the addition of modest amounts of acid/base.

Buffer Solutions Applications

There are several alternative terms for buffer solutions, such as pH buffers and hydrogen ion buffers.
The employment of bicarbonate and carbonic acid buffer system to manage the pH of animal blood is an example of the utilisation of buffers in pH regulation.
Many species employ buffer solutions to maintain the optimal pH for enzyme activity.
The absence of these buffers may result in slowed enzyme action, loss of enzyme characteristics, or even enzyme denaturation. This denaturing process can possibly irreversibly disable the enzymes’ catalytic activity.

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