Chemistry Class 10 Chapter 10 Important MCQs Federal Board
Class 10th Chemistry Notes
Acids, Bases and Salts Multiple Choice Questions:
- As to the Arrhenius theory, an acid is a
- Proton donating specie
- Proton accepting specie
- Hydroxyl donating specie
- Lone pair donating specie
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2. Arrhenius acid is a chemical that emits protons when ionized in water.In Arrhenius’s theory, a base is a
- Proton donating specie
- Proton accepting specie
- Hydroxyl donating specie
- Lone pair donating specie
Explanation:
A chemical that, when ionized in water, produces the Hydroxyl ion.
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3. In line with the Bronsted-Lowery theory, an acid is a
- Proton donating specie
- Proton accepting specie
- Hydroxyl donating specie
- Lone pair accepting specie
Explanation:
Bronsted-Lowery acid is a chemical with the ability to give protons.
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4. A base, in the Bronsted-Lowery theory, is a
- Proton donating specie
- Proton accepting specie
- Lone pair donating specie
- Lone pair accepting specie
Explanation:
Bronsted-Lowery base is a chemical with proton-accepting properties.
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5. In accordance with Lewis’s Law, an acid is a
- Proton donating specie
- Proton accepting specie
- Lone pair donating specie
- Lone pair accepting specie
Explanation:
Lewis acid is a chemical that has an electron-deficient core and can accept an electron pair to fill that hole.
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6. In Lewis’s idea, a base is a
- Proton donating specie
- Proton accepting specie
- Lone pair donating specie
- Lone pair accepting specie
Explanation:
Lewis bases are substances that have a lone pair of electron and the capacity to give it
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7. Salt arises from the substitution of
- Hydrogen atom in acid
- Hydroxyl ion in base
- Both a and b
- None of them
Explanation:
Salt is an acid in which a metal atom has taken the place of the hydrogen atom.
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8. Salt is created when an acid’s hydrogen atom is replaced with a
- Metal atom
- Non-metal atom
- Both and b
- None of them
Explanation:
Salt is an acid in which the hydrogen atom has been replaced by a metal atom.
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9. Solutions composed of salt
- Acidic
- Basic
- Neutral
- None of them
Explanation:
The salt solution has a pH of 7, and we are aware that solutions with a pH of 7 are referred to as neutral solutions.
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10. Salts are created when two substances react
- Acid and base
- Acid and metal oxide
- Acid and metal atom
- All of the above
Explanation:
Salt Synthesis Techniques:
There are five different ways to create salt. The following five techniques are listed in order:
In the first approach, salt and water are created when an acid and a base react.
In the second process, salt and water are created when metal oxide and acid react.
Thirdly, the reaction between an acid and a metal atom produces salt and hydrogen gas.
In the fourth process, salt, carbon dioxide, and water are produced as a result of the reaction between acid and metal carbonate.
The fifth approach, for example, causes the creation of salts via the reaction of salts and salt.
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11. Reaction of an acid and metal carbonate will leads to the formation of
- Salt
- Acid
- Base
- Salt and CO2
Explanation:
Reaction of an acid and metal carbonate:
Salt, carbon dioxide, and water are formed as a result of the reaction between an acid and a metal carbonate, for example.
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12. The result of the reaction between salt and salt is the creation of
- Salts
- Acids
- Hydrogen gas
- All of the above
Explanation:
Reaction of Salt + Salt:
Salts, such as, are created through the reaction between salts and salt e.g.
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13. Acid and metal atom interaction results in the production of
- Salt
- Salt and CO2
- Salt and hydrogen gas
- None of them
Explanation:
Reaction of an acid with metal atom:
Salt and hydrogen gas, for example, are produced as a result of the reaction between an acid and a metal atom.
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14. Salts are employed in
- Manufacturing explosives
- Preserving food
- Manufacturing paper
- All of the above
Explanation:
Food is preserved with salt because it lowers the water activity of food. It promotes the growth of microorganisms.
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15. HCl is employed in
- Manufacturing soap
- Manufacturing of antacid
- Manufacturing of plaster
- Pickling
Explanation:
Using HCl as a pickling agent has several advantages over other acids, including:
- Shorter pickling times
- Lower temperatures
- Better surface quality.
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16. NaOH is employed in
- Manufacturing of soap
- Manufacturing of antacid
- Manufacturing of explosives
- All of the above
Explanation:
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17. Arrhenius first put forward his theory in
- 1880
- 1885
- 1887
- 1889
Explanation:
Arrhenius put forth the Arrhenius theory of acids and bases in 1887.
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18. Bronsted and Lowery put up the Bronsted-Lowery idea in
- 1920
- 1921
- 1923
- 1930
Explanation:
J.N. Bronsted and T.M. Lowery proposed the Bronsted-Lowery hypothesis of acids and bases in 1923.
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19. Lewis hypothesis was first outlined by G.N. Lewis in
- 1930
- 1935
- 1940
- 1923
Explanation:
G.N. Lewis proposed the Lewis theory of acids and bases in 1923.
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20. At 25 oC, [H+] and [OH–] concentrations are
- [H+] > [OH–]
- [H+] < [OH–]
- [H+] = [OH–]
- None of them
Explanation:
Experimental evidence shows that the hydrogen and hydroxyl ion concentrations are similar at 25 oC.
Kw = [H+] [OH–]
At 25 oC [H+] = [OH–]
Kw = (1 x 10-7) (1 x 10-7) = 1 x 10-14 at 25 oC
We state that Kw is temperature dependent for this reason. This concentration will change if we alter the temperature by 25 oC.
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21. The product of [H+] and [OH–] is equal to
- 1 x 10-7
- 1 x 10-14
- 1 x 10-6
- 1 x 10-12
Solution: Kw = [H+] [OH–]
At 25 oC [H+] = [OH–]
Kw = (1 x 10-7) (1 x 10-7) = 1 x 10-14 at 25 oC
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22. Kw is based on
- Pressure
- Volume
- Concentration
- Temperature
Explanation:
Experimental evidence shows that the hydrogen and hydroxyl ion concentrations are similar at 25 oC.
Kw = [H+] [OH–]
At 25 oC [H+] = [OH–]
Kw = (1 x 10-7) (1 x 10-7) = 1 x 10-14 at 25 oC
We state that Kw is temperature dependent for this reason. This concentration will change if we alter the temperature by 25 oC.
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23. Kw at 25 oC equals
- 1 x 10-7
- 1 x 10-14
- 1 x 10-12
- 1 x 10-5
Solution: Kw = [H+] [OH–]
At 25 oC [H+] = [OH–]
Kw = (1 x 10-7) (1 x 10-7) = 1 x 10-14 at 25 oC
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24. If [H+] > [OH-], the resulting solution is
- Neutral
- Acidic
- Basic
- None of them
Explanation:
Acid Solution:
An acidic solution is one in which the hydrogen ion concentration is higher than the hydroxyl ion concentration.
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25. If [H+]<[OH-], the resulting solution is
- Neutral
- Acidic
- Basic
- None of them
Explanation:
Basic Solution:
A basic solution is one in which the concentration of hydroxyl ions is higher than that of hydrogen ions.
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26. The answer is when [H+] = [OH-]
- Neutral
- Acidic
- Basic
- None of them
Explanation:
Neutral Solution:
A neutral solution is one in which the concentrations of hydrogen and hydroxyl ions are equal.
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27. Acid rain has a pH of
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
Explanation:
Acid Rain:
Acid rain is a term used to describe rain that contains sulphuric acid and nitric acid and has a pH of 4.
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28. Salivary pH is
- 2
- 4
- 6
- 7
Explanation:
Saliva:
Salivary glands help us move food from our mouth to our stomach by secreting saliva in our mouths. Saliva’s pH of 6 indicates that it has a mildly acidic composition.
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29. Ammonia solution’s pH is
- 8
- 9
- 10
- 11
Explanation:
Ammonia solution serves many functions in the chemical industry and is very practical. Ammonia solution has a pH of 11. This means that ammonia is a basic substance.
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30. The culprit behind acid rain is
- CO2
- SO2
- Oxides of nitrogen
- Both b and c
Explanation:
Acid Rain:
Acid rain is defined as rain with a pH of 4 and contains H2SO4 and HNO3. The main contributors to acid rain are:
- Burning fossil fuels and smoking cigarettes releases SO2 into the atmosphere
- Burning fossil fuels and smoking cigarettes release NOx (nitrogen oxides) into the atmosphere
- The SO2 reacts with oxygen and water vapours in the atmosphere to produce H2SO4, which mixes with raindrops to form acid rain. The response is provided below.
Acid rain forms when nitrogen oxides in the air combine with oxygen and water vapour to generate HNO3, which then falls as rain. The response is provided below.
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31. Using cigarettes produces
- SO2
- NOx
- H2
- Both a and b
Explanation:
Smoke from cigarettes contains
- SO2 and NOx (nitrogen oxides).
- When these gases are inhaled, they combine with oxygen and water vapour to produce H2SO4 and NHO3.
- Can pick up raindrops and release acid rain, for example.
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32. Acid alters
Blue litmus paper to red
- Red litmus paper to blue
- No effect
- Both a and b
Explanation:
Blue litmus paper:
Blue litmus paper turns red when placed in an acidic solution, changing the hue from blue to red.
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33. Acid transforms red litmus paper into
- Blue
- Yellow
- Green
- No effect
Explanation:
Red litmus paper won’t change colour when dipped in an acidic solution.
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34. Base alters
- Blue litmus paper to red
- Red litmus paper to blue
- No effect
- Both a and b
Explanation: A red litmus paper that has been dipped in basic solution becomes blue instead of red.
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35. Base transforms blue litmus paper into
- Red
- Yellow
- Purple
- No effect
Explanation:
Blue litmus paper won’t change colour when dipped in basic solution, though.
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36. Which one is skin-corrosive?
- Acid
- Base
- Both a and b
- None of them
Explanation:
Both acid and base can corrode skin because the base has a pH greater than 7 and acid has a pH lower than 7. Additionally, solutions with a pH of 7 are ineffective and safe for the skin.
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37. Lewis theory holds that a base gives an acid a lone pair of electrons by
- Ionic bond
- Covalent bond
- Coordinate covalent bond
- None of them
Explanation:
Coordinate Covalent Bond:
A coordinate covalent bond is one that is created when a pair of electrons is transferred from an electron-rich core to an electron-deficient centre. A circumstance occurs according to Lewis’ thesis.
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38. The coordinate covalent bond is depicted as follows:
- Single-headed arrow
- Double-headed arrow
- Both a and b
- None of them
Explanation:
Coordinate covalent bond illustration:
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39. An indicator is
- Organic compounds
- In-organic compounds
- Both a and b
- None of them
Explanation:
We are aware that organic compounds refer to hydrocarbons or their derivatives. Because the indicators are hydrocarbon derivatives, they are referred to as organic substances.
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40. From the list of substances, select the one that is salt.
- HCl
- NaOH
- CaCO3
- CuSO4
Explanation:
We are aware that the reaction between the acid and metal oxide can also produce salts. As a result, CuSO4 is a salt in the scenarios above because it is produced by the reaction of CuO and H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) (Metal oxide).
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41. Which of the following substances cannot be categorized as an Arrhenius acid?
- HNO3
- H2CO3
- CO2
- H2SO4
Explanation:
This idea states that Arrhenius acid is a chemical that produces a proton when ionized in water. While carbon dioxide doesn’t contain any hydrogen atoms. So, upon ionization, it does not produce a proton. Because of this, it is not categorized as Arrhenius acid.
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42. NH3 is not a base, according to
- Lewis theory
- Bronsted-Lowery theory
- Arrhenius theory
- All of these
Explanation:
The term “Arrhenius base” refers to a chemical that, upon ionization in water, produces an OH– ion. While ammonia doesn’t contain OH. So, upon ionization, it does not produce an OH– ion. Consequently, it is not categorised as an Arrhenius base.
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43. Identify the Lewis base from the list below.
- BF3
- HCl
- AlCl3
- F–
Explanation:
Lewis defined material as containing electron pairs. Lewis base is a compound that can give electrons to electron-deficient centres. Here, only F– has a single electron pair. It is categorized as a Lewis base because of this.
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44. The concentration of OH– in a drain cleaner solution is 1 x 10-8 M. The answer is
- Acidic
- Basic
- Neutral
- Cannot be predicted
Solution: If [OH–] = 1 x 10-8 M
Then it means that [H+] > [OH–]
1 x 10-7 > 1 x 10-8
We also know that a solution is acidic when the concentration of hydrogen ions exceeds that of hydroxyl ions.
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45. Mg(OH)2 is present in the milk of magnesia. It functions as an antacid. It balances out much stomach acid. What type of salt is produced by this reaction?
- MgSO4
- MgCO3
- MgCl2
- MgO
Explanation:
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46. Ammonia, which is a base since it
- Ionizes in water to give OH– ions
- Contains OH group
- Can accept an electron pair
- Can donate an electron pair
Explanation:
Lewis defined material as a base if it can donate lone pair of an electron to an electron-deficient centre. Ammonia has lone pair of electron and can easily donate to an electron-deficient centre. That’s why according to lewis, ammonia is a base. Lewis defined material as a base if it can donate lone pair of an electron to an electron-deficient centre. Ammonia has lone pair of electron and can easily donate to an electron-deficient centre. That’s why according to lewis, ammonia is a base.
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47. Take into account these reactions.
Which species serves as the reaction’s acceptor of an electron pair?
- H2O
- HCl
- H3O+
- None
Explanation:
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48. In the subsequent reaction, which species is giving a pair of electrons?
- H
- B
- N
- BF3
Explanation:
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49. Drain cleaning is done with a NaOH aqueous solution. What would be the concentration of H+ ions in this solution if the OH– ion concentration was 1 x 10-5 M?
- 1.0 x 10-5 M
- 1.0 x 10-7 M
- 1.0 x 10-9 M
- 1.0 x 10-14 M
Solution: We know that [H+] [OH–] = 1 x 10-14
So, if [OH–] = 1 x 10-5 then [H+] would be
[H+] = 1 x 10-14 – [OH–] = 1 x 10-14 – 1 x 10-5 = 1 x 10-9——————————————
50. A pH indicator is
- Methyl violet
- Methyl red
- Phenol red
- All of them
Explanation: Methyl violet, methyl red, and phenol red are three of the eleven most widely used pH indicators.
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Chapter Chemical Equilibrium Important mcqs
Chapter Chemical Equilibrium important questions
Chapter Chemical Equilibrium notes
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