Do you know!!!

Carbocation:

Carbocation is defined as the positively charged carbon atom having three bonds .

Carbocation is highly unstable and reactive due to incomplete carbon octet. Therefore, it is a reaction intermediate in a chemical reaction.

Classification of Carbocation:

Carbocations are classified on the basis of no of carbon groups (alkyl groups)attached with the positively charged carbon atom.

• Methyl Carbocation
• Primary Carbocation
• Secondary Carbocation
• Tertiary Carbocation

Methyl carbocation:

If no carbon is attached to the carbon with positive charge is termed as methyl carbocation.

Primary carbocation:

If 1 carbon is attached to the carbon with positive charge is termed as primary carbocation.

Primary carbocation is also known as 1⁰ carbocation.

Secondary carbocation:

If 2 carbon is attached to the carbon with positive charge is termed as secondary carbocation.

Secondary carbocation is also known as 2⁰ carbocation.

Tertiary carbocation:

If 3 carbon is attached to the carbon with positive charge is termed as tertiary carbocation.

Tertiary carbocation is also known as 3⁰ carbocation.

Identify which one is primary ,secondary or tertiary carbocation!!!

CH3- CH2-CH⁺-H

Here 1 carbon is attached to the carbon with positive charge ,so it is primary carbocation.

CH3- CH2-CH⁺-CH2- CH2–CH3

Here 2 carbon is attached to the carbon with positive charge ,so it is secondary carbocation.

Stability order of Carbocation:

More the alkyl groups attached to the positively charged carbon, more the stability of carbocation.

Tertiary carbocation is the most stable carbocation because three carbon groups (methyl groups) are attached to the positively charged carbon ,increasing the stability by donating electrons to the electron deficient carbon of carbocation.

Whereas ,methyl carbocation is the least stable carbocation as no alkyl group is attached to the positively charged carbon.

Increasing order of carbocation stability is as follow:

methyl carbocation< primary carbocation< secondary carbocation< tertiary carbocation

Watch Now !!!

Classification of Carbocation Animation (Urdu/ Hindi) on YouTube

Also Watch !!!

Carbocation, Carbanion and Carbradical (Urdu / Hindi)