What is the Periodic Trend for Ionization Energy
Key Points:
- What is Ionization Energy in simple words
- Ionization Energy Examples
- Ionization Energy Units
- Is ionization Energy endothermic or exothermic reaction
- Ionization Energy Trends
What is ionization energy in simple words?
In simple words, ionization Energy is defined as the minimal amount of energy necessary to remove the outermost electron from an isolated neutral gaseous atom.
This will result in the formation of a positively charged gaseous ion (cation).
e.g.
The minimum amount of energy required to remove the outermost electron from an isolated, neutral gaseous sodium (Na) atom is known as Ionization Energy. This will result in the formation of a positively charged gaseous sodium ion (cation).
Ionization Energy Unit:
- eV (electron volts)
- KJ/mol
1 eV = 1.6 X 10 19 J
1 eV / atom = 96 KJ /mol
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Is ionization Energy endothermic or exothermic reaction?
As the ionization process requires an energy input ( absorbed energy ) to remove the negatively charged electron from an atom. Therefore, ionization energy is an endothermic reaction as it absorbs energy and enthalpy is always positive.
Ionization Energy Periodic Table Trends across the Period:
It is generally observed that as we move from left to right in a periodic table, the ionization energy increases because the electrons are held tighter by the increase in the effective nuclear charge and the decrease in the atomic size.
Ionization Energy Trends down the Group:
It is generally observed that as we move from top to bottom in a periodic table, the ionization energy decreases because the electron shells increases, resulting in the decrease of the effective nuclear charge and the increase in the atomic size.
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