What is Carbocation? – Organic Chemistry – Digital Kemistry

Do you Know !!!

Carbocation is an ion that is electron deficient having positively charge carbon and three bonds.

Carbocation Shape :

As three bond pair electrons are present around the positively charged carbon indicates trigonal planar shape of carbocation.

Remember !!

The shape and bond angle of a molecule or ion can be easily determined according to the valence shell electron pair repulsion theory.

Watch Valence Shell Electron pair Repulsion Theory(in Urdu/Hindi)

Carbocation Hybridization:

Carbocation having trigonal planar geometry is sp2 hybridized.

Finding Hybridization Trick !!!

The easiest trick to find the type of hybridization is to count the total number of sigma bonds and the total number of lone pair electrons .

If the total number of sigma bonds and the total number of lone pair electrons= 4 hybrid orbitals = sp3 hybridization

If the total number of sigma bonds and the total number of lone pair electrons= 3 hybrid orbitals = sp2 hybridization

If the total number of sigma bonds and the total number of lone pair electrons= 2 hybrid orbitals = sp hybridization

Watch Now !!!

Finding Hybridization Tips & Tricks -sp sp2 sp3 Hybridization

sp3 sp2 and sp Hybridization determination Trick (in Urdu / Hindi)

Is Carbocation Electrophile?

Every atom /molecule or ion want to become stable .

To attain stability atom /molecule or ion must have a complete outer most shell (octet).

Carbocation carbon having 6 valence shell electron indicates the incomplete octet (8 electrons).Therefore, carbocation is highly reactive , unstable and seeks electrons to complete valence electrons .Therefore ,carbocation is an electrophile.

Is carbocation Lewis acid or Lewis base?

Carbocation is a Lewis acid because of incomplete valence electron ,it can accept electron pair to be stable.

As Lewis acid is the electron pair acceptor.

Classification Of Carbocation:

Carbocation are classified as follow:

  1. Primary (10)Carbocation
  2. Secondary (20)Carbocation
  3. Tertiary(30) Carbocation

Watch Now!!!

Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Carbocation Identification Tricks (in Urdu /Hindi)

Also watch!!!

Carbocation, Carbanion and Carbradical

Carbocation and its Classification

Methyl Radical

Difference between Carbocation and Carbanion

Free Radical

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15 thoughts on “What is Carbocation? – Organic Chemistry – Digital Kemistry”

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