class 12 chemistry

Conjugation in Alkenes – Organic Chemistry

What is conjugation in alkenes? “The phenomenon of the existence of alternate double and single bonds among carbon atoms is called conjugation.” -C=C-C=C-C=C- Example of Conjugated Compound: e.g. 1,3-butadiene CH2 = CH – CH = CH2 is a conjugated compound. In it all the four carbons are sp2 hybridized. Also, all carbons and hydrogens in …

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State of Matter #1 Gases Free Downloadable pdf Notes

Chemistry Chapter State of Matter #1 Gases Notes (Full Chapter) >> Watch -> Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases in Urdu / Hindi >> Watch -> Boyle’s Law and its Experimental Verification ( in Urdu / Hindi) >> Watch -> Charle’s Law with Examples ( in Urdu / Hindi) >> Watch -> Ideal Gas Equation and …

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Theories of Covalent Bonding Free Downloadable pdf Notes

Chemistry chapter theories of covalent bonding and shapes of molecules Notes Watch Valence shell electron pair repulsion theory ( in Urdu /Hindi) Watch Valence Bond Theory ( in Urdu / Hindi) Watch -> Hybridization ( in Urdu / Hindi) Watch Molecular Orbital Theory (in Urdu / Hindi) Watch Bond Order, Bond Lengths, Bond Strengths and …

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Destructive distillation of Coal Experiment – Organic Chemistry

Strong heating of coal in the absence of air or oxygen is called destructive distillation. Coal (Fossil Fuel): Coal is an important solid fossil fuel. Destructive distillation of coal provides useful by-products. The fundamental by-products of coal are: • coke • coal tar • ammoniacal alcohol • coal gas Destructive Distillation of Coal Experiment: Let’s …

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Destructive distillation of Coal

What is the Destructive distillation of Coal?  When coal is heated in absence of air, its destructive distillation or carbonization occurs. Main Products obtained from Destructive Distillation: Destructive distillation of coal produces the following products. Coal gas: Coal gas is also called town gas. It is a mixture of H2, CO, and CH4. Hydrogen and …

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Copper (Cu)-Important Transition Element

Copper (Cu):  It is an important and useful metal. It belongs to group I-B which consists of copper, silver and gold. These three metals are called coinage metal as in past they were used to make currency coins.  Copper objects are found among the remains of many ancient civilizations including Egypt, Asia Minor, China, Southern …

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Aufbau Principle :Definition, Explanation, Diagram – Chemistry

What is Aufbau Principle? Aufbau Principle states that the electrons are filled in subshells in increasing order of energies or n+l values. Aufbau Rules for Filling Electrons: Electrons first occupy Lower energy subshells 2. Filling of Electrons in increasing Order of subshell energy Aufbau Diagram: Aufbau diagram describes the increasing order of subshell energies. Filling …

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Best Chemistry Channel on YouTube

Also Read !!! Stoichiometry : Mole and Avogadro’s Number | Important Questions How to find Excess Reactant and Limiting Reactant Stoichiometry Important Terms Definitions Mole and Chemical Equation Structure of Atom: Basic Atomic Structure What is the difference between Shell , Subshell and Orbital What is the difference between Octet Rule and Duplet Rule How …

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